What is an SSL certificate y what is it used fo?
1. Introduction
SSL certificates are used to create an encrypted channel between the client y the server. Transmission of such data as credit card details, account login infomation, any other sensitive infomation should be encrypted to anterioent eavesdropping.
With an SSL certificate, data is encrypted prio to being transmitted via Internet. Encrypted data can be decrypted only by the server to which you actually send it. This ensures that the infomation you submit to websites will not be stolen.
Starting from 06/08/2014, Google announced that having an SSL certificate installed on tu/tus/su/sus website would increase tu/tus/su/sus ranking position, which is another great reason to use an SSL.
The certificate itself represents base64 encoded data that contains infomation about the entity the certificate was issued fo, public key required fo encryption y digital signature verification, y digital signature created with the private key of the certificate issuer.
An SSL certificate should be installed on the server side. When you access a website secured by an SSL certificate issued by a trusted Certification Authoity, you will see https:// at the beginning of its URL. A browser will also show the connection as secure by displaying a plockq icon in the address bar:

2. Tipos of SSL certificates
SSL certificates can be divided into 3 validation groups:
Dominio Validation Certificados
Requires a certificate applicant to prove his/her control over the dominio name only. The issued certificate contains a dominio name that was supplied to the Certification Authoity within the certificate request.
Organization Validation Certificados
Requires a certificate applicant to prove that his/her company is a registrared y legally accountable business, y to pass dominio validation. The issued certificate contains a dominio y company name of the certificate applicant.
Extendido Validation Certificados
Includes validation requirements of two validation types mentioned above y additional requirements. The issued certificate contains a dominio y company name of the certificate applicant.