????? ???? ?????? ?? ???? ????? ???????? (DNS)? ?? ????? ???????? ?? ??????? ???? ?? ???? DNS ?? ???? ?????????? ?? ??? ????? ??????. ????? ???? ????? ????? ????? ????? ?? ?????? ???????? (TLD) ?????? ?????? ????? DNS ???????? ???? ????? ????? ??? ???? ??????? ???????? ?????? DNS ?????.

?? ??? ???????? ??? ?????? ????? ????? ????? ?TLD ?? ???? DNS ?????? ????????? ????? ???? ???????? ??????. ??? ????? ??? ??? ????? ????? ???? ???? ?????? DNS ?????????? ???? ??? ???????.

?? ?? ????? ??????

????? ?????? ?????? ?????

????? ????? ?? ?????? ?????? ?? ???? ????? ???????? (DNS). ?? ?? ??? ????? ???????? ??????? ???? ????? ?? ??? ???? ?????? ???? ??????????? ??? ????? TLD ???????.

• ???? ??? 13 ?????? ?? ????? ????? ??? ??????? ?? ????? ?? ?? ?????? ????? ??? ?????? ??????? ?????? ????? ?? Anycast? ????? ???? ???????? ??? ???? ?????.

• ????? ????? ?? ?????? ?? ????????? ?????? ???????? ??? ?????? ???? ????? ????????? DNS ??? ???? TLD ??????? ????.

??? ??? ????:

??????? ?? ???? ?????????? ??? ?????? ???? ????? ??????? ???? DNS. ??? ???? ???? ??? (??? ??? ????)? ???? ??? ??? DNS ???????? ??? ??? ???? ?? ???? ??? ?? ???? ???? ???? .

?? ?? ????? TLD?

??? ????? ?????? ?????? (TLD)

????? TLD ?????? ?? ??????? ?? ????? ????? ?? ????????? ??? .com? .net? .org? ?? ?????? ??? ??? ??? .cn ? .uk. ????? ???? ???? ????? ????????? ??? ???? TLD? ???? ???? TLD ??? ??? ?????? ??????? ??? ???? DNS ?????? ???? ??????.

• TLD ???? ??????? ??????? ??????????? ?????? ???????? ???????? ??? ???? ?? ????? ?????????? ?? ?????? ??? ??????? ???????? ???? ????????.

• ???? ??????? ?????? ?? ????? TLD ??? TLD (????? ????? .com? ????? .org).

??? ??? ????:

???? ?? ????? TLD ????? ??? ???? ???????? ???? ???? ??? TLD (??? ???? ??????? ???? ?????? .com)? ??? ???????? ??????? ?? ??? ????? ??? ???? ??? ??? TLD ???.

??? ???? ????????? DNS ??? ????? ????? ?TLD

????????? DNS ?? ?????? ?????? ???? ????? ?????? ??? ?????? ??? ?????? ????????. ???? ??? ??? ???? ?????? ??? ?? DNS:

1. ????? DNS ??????: ???? ??????? ????? ???? ???? ???????? ????????? ??? ????? DNS ?????? (???? ?? ????? ???? ???? ????????).

2. ???? ?????: ??? ?? ??? ??? ?????? ???????? ???? ?? ???? ????? ??????? ??? ???? TLD ???????.

3. ???? TLD: ???? ???? ????? ?????? ?????? ??? ???? TLD ?? ????? (??? ???? .com? ????? ?????? ??? ???? TLD ????? ?? .com).

4. ???? DNS ??????: ??????? ???? ???? TLD ??? ?????? ???? DNS ??????? ???? ????? ??? ????? DNS ???????? (A? CNAME? MX? ???) ?????? ??????.

5. ????: ???? ?????? ?????? ????? IP ??????? ???? ?? ?????????.

??? ?????? ?????? ???? ?? ??? ??????? ??????????? ??? ???? ????? ????????? DNS ??????? ??? ??? ????? ????? ????? ??????.

??? ??? ????:

??? ????? ?????????? ?? ??? DNS ???? ??? ????? ?? ???? DNS. ??? ???? ?? ????? ?????? ?? ??? ???? ??????? ???? ?? ????? ????? ?? TLD.

????? ????????? ?? ????? ????? ?TLD ??? ?? ??????

???????? ????????? ??? ??????

????? ????? ?TLD ????? ?? ??? ???????? ???? ??????. ?? ??? ?? ?????? ???? ??? DNS? ??? ?? ????????? ?? ???????? ???????? ???? ??????? ??????? ?? DNS. ????? ?????:

• ?????? ??????: ??? ?? ???? ????? ????? ?TLD ????? ???????. ???? ?? ??????? ?? ???? ??????? ????? ??? ?? ???? ????? ??????? ??????.

• ???????: ?????? ????? ????? ?TLD ????? Anycast? ???? ???? ??? ??? ??? ????? ???? ????? ?? ?????? ???? ???? ???? ?????? ??????? ??? ????? ??? ????????? ??? ??????.

• ??????? ???????: ??? ????? ????? ????? ?TLD ???????? ??? ???? ?? DNS ???? ?? ???? ????? ??????.

??? ????????? ?? ?? ???? ?? ???? ???? DNS ????? ???? ????? ?????? ???????. ????? ?? ????? ????????? DNS ???? ????? ?? ?????? ?? ??????? ??????? ?? ????? ????? ????? ?TLD ????? ?????? ????? ????? ???? DNS ???????.

??? ??? ????:

?????? ??? ?????????? ?? ??? DNS ???? ??? "???" ????? ????? ?? TLD. ?? ??????? ????????? ???????? ??? ?????????? ????????? ???? ???????? ???????? ???? ??? ?????????? ???? ?? ??????.

????? ????? ???? ?????? DNS

????? ???? ?????? DNS? ?? ????? ????? ???? ???????. ????? ????? ???? ????? ????????? ?? ?????????:

1. ???? ?? ????? DNS: ?????? ???? ??? DNS ??? dig ?? nslookup ?????? ??? ??? ???? ????? DNS ?????.

2. ???? ?? ???? ????? ????? ?TLD: ??? ???? ????? DNS ????? ??? ?????? ???????? ??? ???? ?????? ??????? ????? ????? ?? TLD. ????? ??? DNSViz ???? ?? ?????? ??? ??? ??? DNS.

3. ???? ?? ????? DNS ??????: ??????? ???? ??????? ???? ??????? ?????? ?????? ?? ??????? ???????. ???? ?? ?? ??????? ?????? ???? ???? ????.

?????? ??? ???????? ????? ????? ?? ??? ???? ??????? ?? ????? ????? ?? TLD ?? ???? DNS ??????? ?????????? ???? ???? ??????.

??? ????? ??????? ??? ????? ????? ?TLD

??? ????? 1: "??? ???? ???? DNS? ?????? ??? ???? ????? ?? TLD."

????? ????? ?TLD ??? ??????? ?????? ????? ?????? DNS ???? ???? ?????? ?? ????? DNS ?? ??????? ?????? ?????? ?? ????? ?????????.

??? ????? 2: "???? ????? ????? ?TLD ?? ?????? ??????? ?? ?? DNS."

????? ??? ???? ?? DNS ????? ????????? ???????? ??? ?????????? ???????? ?? ????? ????? ????? ?TLD.

??? ????? 3: "????? ????? ?TLD ?????? ?? ????????? ????? ???????? ???????."

????? ????? ?TLD ???? ??????????? ??? ????? DNS ??????? ???????? ???? ?????? ??? ??? ?? ????????? ???????.

???????

????? ????? ?TLD ?? ?????? ?????? ?? ???? DNS. ??????? ?? ???? ?? ??? ????? ???????? ???????? ????? ???? ????? ?????? ?? ???? ????????? ? ????????? ??? DNS ???????. ???? ????? ??? ??? ??????? ?????? ??? ??????? ?????? DNS ??????? ???? ????? ?? ??? ???????? ??? ???????.

• ????????? ??? ?? ??????: ???? ????? ????? ?TLD ???????? ???????? ????? ?? DNS ?????.

• ????? ????? ?TLD ?? ?????? ?????? ?? ?? ??????: ??? ???? ????????? DNS ??? ????? DNS ??????? ???????.

• ?????? ?? ???? ????? ????? ?? TLD ?????? ?? ???? DNS: ????? ??????? ????? ?? ????? DNS ??? ???????? ??????? ?????? ?? ????? ?????.

?? ???? ????? ?? ICANN? ??????? ?????? ?????? ????? DNS ?????? ?????? ??? ???? ????? ??????? ???? ???? ??????.

??????? ?? ?????? ??????? ???????? ???????? ????????? ????? ??????? ???????? ?? ???? ????? ??????.